Fons Trompenaars (Amsterdam, Netherlands) and Charles Hampden-Turner (Cambridge, England) co-authored Riding the Waves of Culture and Mastering the Infinite Game. Trompenaars is managing director of Trompenaars Hampden-Turner (THT) Intercultural Management Group. Hampden-Turner (THT) Intercultural Management Group. Hampden-Turner is a management consultant based at the University of Cambridge's Judge Institute of Management Studies.

Preface xiIntroduction 1The Goals of this Book 1Evolution of Management Theories and Models 3Conceptual Models: Handle with Care 11Applying Models in Practice 14Dilemmas 14PART 1 SUSTAINABILITY 25Model 1 Stakeholder Management, Edward Freeman (1984) 29Model 2 Seven Levels of Sustainability, Richard Barrett (1998) 31Model 3 The Seven Faces of Mount Sustainability, Ray Anderson (1999) 33Model 4 The Bottom of the Pyramid, C.K. Prahalad (2002) 36Model 5 Cradle to Cradle, William McDonough and MichaelBraungart (2002) 38Model 6 The Sustainable Value Framework, Stuart Hart andMark Milstein (2003) 40Model 7 Multiple Stakeholder Sustainability, Fons Trompenaars and Peter Woolliams (2010) 43Reflections on Sustainability 47PART 2 INNOVATION AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP 73Model 8 Flow, Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi (1975) 77Model 9 Adaption-Innovation Inventory, Michael Kirton (1976) 79Model 10 The Entrepreneurial Process, Jeffry Timmons (1989) 81Model 11 Disruptive Innovation, Clayton Christensen (1995) 84Model 12 Serious Play, Michael Schrage (1999) 86Model 13 Open Innovation, Henry Chesbrough (2003) 88Model 14 Reverse Innovation, Vijay Govindarajan (2009) 91Reflections on Innovation and Entrepreneurship 93PART 3 STRATEGY AND POSITIONING 123Model 15 Product/Market Growth Matrix, Igor Ansoff (1957) 127Model 16 3C: Company, Customer, Competition, Kenichi Ohmae (1975) 129Model 17 Crafting Strategy, Henry Mintzberg (1978) 132Model 18 Five Forces, Michael Porter (1979) 134Model 19 7S: Tom Peters, Robert Waterman, Julien Phillips (1980) 136Model 20 Core Competencies, Gary Hamel and C.K. Prahalad (1990) 138Model 21 Brand Equity, David Aaker (1991) 141Model 22 Value Discipline, Michael Treacy and Fred Wiersema (1993) 143Model 23 Blue Ocean Strategy, W. Chan Kim and Renée Mauborgne (2005) 145Reflections on Strategy and Positioning 149PART 4 DIVERSITY OF CULTURES 177Model 24 Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), Isabel Briggs Myers and Katharine Cook Briggs (1962) 181Model 25 Corporate Culture, Charles Handy and Roger Harrison (1976) 183Model 26 Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions, Geert Hofstede (1980) 186Model 27 Belbin's Team Roles, Meredith Belbin (1981) 188Model 28 Competing Values Framework (CVF), Robert Quinn andKim Cameron (1981) 190Model 29 Three Levels of Culture, Edgar Schein (1985) 193Model 30 Developmental Model of Intercultural Sensitivity (DMIS), Milton Bennett (1986) 195Model 31 Spiral Dynamics, Don Beck and Chris Cowan (1996) 198Model 32 Seven Dimensions of Culture, Fons Trompenaars andCharles Hampden-Turner (1993) 201Model 33 The Colour Theory of Change, Léon de Caluwé andHans Vermaak (2006) 204Reflections on Diversity and Culture 207PART 5 CUSTOMERSModel 34 Rokeach Value Survey (RVS), Milton Rokeach (1973) 241Model 35 Consumer Behaviour, John Howard and Jagdish Sheth (1969) 243Model 36 3Rs-Retail, Reputation, Relationship, Corstiaan Marinus Storm (1987) 246Model 37 Strategic Purchasing, Peter Kraljic (1983) 248Model 38 Total Perceived Service Quality, Christian Grönroos (1984) 250Model 39 Customer Satisfaction, Noriaki Kano (1984) 252Model 40 Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM), Richard Petty and John Cacioppo (1986) 254Model 41 Service-Profit Chain, James Heskett, Thomas Jones,Gary Loveman, Earl Sasser and Leonard Schlesinger (1994) 257Model 42 Customer Loyalty, Thomas Jones and Earl Sasser (1995) 259Model 43 Six Stages of Social Business Transformation, Charlene Li and Brian Solis (2013) 261Reflections on Customers 265PART 6 HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT 291Model 44 Gainsharing, Joseph Scanlon (1948) 294Model 45 Two-Factor Theory, Frederick Herzberg (1959) 296Model 46 Theory X and Theory Y, Douglas McGregor (1960) 299Model 47 Evolutionary Growth of Organizations, Larry Greiner (1972) 301Model 48 AMO: Abilities, Motivation, Opportunities, Thomas Bailey (1993) 303Model 49 HRM Roles, David Ulrich (1997) 306Model 50 The Happiness Factory, Maurits Bruel and Clemens Colson (1998) 309Model 51 Contextually Based HR Theory, Jaap Paauwe (2004) 311Model 52 Competence-Based Employability, Claudia van der Heijde and Beatrice van der Heijden (2006) 314Reflections on Human Resource Management 317PART 7 BENCHMARKING AND RESULTS 343Model 53 Management by Objectives, Peter Drucker (1954) 346Model 54 BCG Matrix, Bruce Henderson (1968) 348Model 55 GE-McKinsey Matrix, General Electric and McKinseyConsulting (1971) 350Model 56 The Value Chain, Michael Porter (1985) 352Model 57 Identity and Image, Klaus Birkigt and Marinus Stadler (1986) 354Model 58 Business Process Management (BPM), Michael Hammer (1990) 357Model 59 Balanced Scorecard, Robert Kaplan and David Norton (1992) 359Model 60 Social Media ROI Pyramid, Jeremiah Owyang (2010) 361Reflections on Benchmarking and Results 365PART 8 LEADERSHIP AND COMMUNICATION 395Model 61 Managerial Grid, Robert Blake and Jane Mouton (1964) 398Model 62 Situational Leadership, Paul Hersey and KennethBlanchard (1969) 401Model 63 Servant Leadership, Robert Greenleaf (1970) 403Model 64 8-Step Change, John Kotter 405Model 65 Situational Crisis Communication Theory, TimothyCoombs (1995) 408Model 66 Level 5 Leadership, Jim Collins (2001) 411Model 67 Cynefin, David Snowden and Mary Boone (2007) 413Model 68 Communication and Employee Engagement, Mary Welch (2011) 416Reflections on Leadership and Communication 419PART 9 MODELS FOR IMPLEMENTATION 455Model 69 Ethos, Pathos, Logos, Aristotle (350 BC) 458Model 70 AIDA, Elias St. Elmo Lewis (1898) 460Model 71 DuPont Model, Frank Donaldson Brown (1914) 462Model 72 Continuous Improvement, William Edwards Deming (1948) 464Model 73 Brainstorming, Alex Osborn (1953) 466Model 74 Leary's Rose, Timothy Leary (1957) 468Model 75 Bi-sociation, Arthur Koestler (1964) 470Model 76 Small Group Development, Bruce Tuckman (1965) 472Model 77 360-Degree Feedback, Edward Lawler (1967) 474Model 78 Lateral Thinking, Edward de Bono (1967) 476Model 79 The Conscious Competence Ladder, Lewis Robinson (1974) 478Model 80 FCB Grid, Richard Vaughn (1980) 480Model 81 SWOT, Heinz Weihrich (1982) 482Model 82 Means-End Analysis, Jonathan Gutman (1982) 484Model 83 Learning Style Inventory, David A. Kolb (1984) 486Model 84 Six Principles of Influence, Robert Cialdini (1984) 488Model 85 Scrum, Hirotaka Takeuchi and Ikujiro Nonaka (1986) 490Model 86 The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People, Stephen Covey (1989) 492Model 87 Benchmarking, Robert Camp (1989) 494Model 88 EFQM Excellence Model, The European Foundation for Quality Management (EFQM) (1991) 496Model 89 Strategic Dialogue, Mathieu de Vaan, Steven ten Have and Wouter ten Have (1996) 498Model 90 Strategic Personnel Planning, Gerard Evers and Cornelis Verhoeven (1999) 500Model 91 Mapping, Bridging, Integrating (MBI), Joseph DiStefano and Martha Maznevski (2000) 502Model 92 Yellow Box, Mark Raison (2002) 504Model 93 Elements of Website User Experience, Jesse James Garrett (2002) 506Model 94 MDA Design for "Gamification," Robin Hunicke, Marc LeBlanc and Robert Zubek (2004) 508Model 95 Business Model Canvas, Alexander Osterwalder (2008) 510Model 96 Sustainability Roadmap, Ram Nidumolu, C.K. Prahalad and M.R. Rangaswami (2009) 512Model 97 Balancing Transparency, Piet Hein Coebergh andEdi Cohen (2009) 514Model 98 Blue Leadership, Jan Moen and Paul Ansems 516Model 99 The Blue Economy, Gunter Pauli (2010) 518Model 100 Eight Routes for Culture Change, Jaap Boonstra (2013) 520Reflections on Models for Implementation 523Conclusion 525About the Authors 531Our Thanks 532Bibliography 533Sources for the Visualizations of Models 559Index 567

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