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Toxicity of Building Materials
Beschreibung:
Dr. F. Pacheco-Torgal is a principal investigator at the University of Minho, in Portugal. He currently holds the title of Counsellor from the Portuguese Engineers Association and has authored more than 300 publications. He is a member of the editorial boards for 9 international journals. He has acted as a foreign expert in the evaluation of 30 PhD theses. In the last 10 years he has been a Member of the Scientific Committee for almost 60 conferences most of them in Asian countries. He is also a grant assessor for several scientific institutions in 15 countries including the UK, US, Netherlands, China, France, Australia, Kazakhstan, Belgium, Spain, Czech Republic, Chile, Saudi Arabia, UA. Emirates, Croatia, Poland, and the EU Commission. He has also been an invited reviewer for 125 international journals and has reviewed almost 1200 papers and has been the lead editor of 27 books.
Said Jalali is former Professor of Civil Engineering at the University of Minho, and is an acknowledged expert on building materials.Dr. Aleksandra Fucic has 30 years of experience working on the biomonitoring of populations exposed to radiation or chemical agents with a special interest in achieving a healthy living environment and investigation of health risks related to new construction materials.Contributor contact details
Introduction: types of potentially toxic building materials
Chapter 1: The main health hazards from building materials
Abstract:
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Radiation
1.3 Chemical carcinogens and endocrine disruptors
1.4 Nanoparticles
1.5 Conclusion and future trends
Chapter 2: Plastic materials: polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
Abstract:
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Polyvinyl chloride (PVC - CAS number: 9002-86-2)
2.3 Building applications of polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
2.4 Health and safety concerns and polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
2.5 Alternatives to polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
Chapter 3: Plastic materials: chlorinated polyethylene (CPE), chlorinated polyvinylchloride (CPVC), chlorosulfonated polyethylene (CSPE) and polychloroprene rubber (CR)
Abstract:
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Structure and properties of chlorinated polyethylene (CPE), chlorinated polyvinylchloride (CPVC), chlorosulfonated polyethylene (CSPE) and polychloroprene rubber (CR)
3.3 Alternative materials
3.4 Sources of further information
Chapter 4: Materials responsible for formaldehyde and volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions
Abstract:
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Toxicology of formaldehyde
4.3 Emission testing of formaldehyde and other volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
4.4 Emission models of formaldehyde and other volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
4.5 Determination of the characteristic emission parameters
4.6 Influence of environmental factors on emissions of formaldehyde and other volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
4.7 Conclusion and future trends
Chapter 5: Semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs): phthalates and flame retardants
Abstract:
5.1 Semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs) in the indoor environment
5.2 Emission of semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs) from building materials and consumer products
5.3 Exposure to semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs) emitted from building materials and consumer products
Chapter 6: Wood preservatives
Abstract:
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Types of preservatives and their potential hazards
6.3 Potential toxic effects and ways they can be assessed
6.4 Remedial action
6.5 Conclusion and future trends
Chapter 7: Mineral fibre-based building materials and their health hazards
Abstract:
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Classification of asbestos and mineral fibres, their structure, microstructure and properties
7.3 Health effects of asbestos minerals
7.4 Use of asbestos in building materials
7.5 The reclamation of asbestos
7.6 The disposal of asbestos-containing materials (ACMs) and recycling
7.7 Conclusion and future trends
Chapter 8: Radioactive materials
Abstract:
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM)
8.3 Radon exhalation, emanation and diffusion length
8.4 Measurements of radionuclide composition
8.5 Measurement of radon exhalation
8.6 Building materials as gamma emitters
8.7 Building materials with enhanced concentrations of natural radionuclides
8.8 Building products with enhanced radon exhalation rate
8.9 Control of radioactivity of building materials in regulations
Chapter 9: Materials that release toxic fumes during fire
Abstract:
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Fire behaviour of building materials
9.3 The effects of conditions on the initiation and propagation of fire
9.4 Health effects and analysis of combustion products
9.5 Remedial actions
9.6 Future trends for reducing toxic substances in fire and related resources
9.7 Conclusion
Chapter 10: Heavy metals: lead
Abstract:
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Use of l
Beginning with an overview of the material types and potential health hazards presented by building materials, the book goes on to consider key plastic materials. Materials responsible for formaldehyde and volatile organic compound emissions, as well as semi-volatile organic compounds, are then explored in depth, before a review of wood preservatives and mineral fibre-based building materials. Issues related to the use of radioactive materials and materials that release toxic fumes during burning are the focus of subsequent chapters, followed by discussion of the range of heavy metals, materials prone to mould growth, and antimicrobials. Finally, Toxicity of building materials concludes by considering the potential hazards posed by waste based/recycled building materials, and the toxicity of nanoparticles.
With its distinguished editors and international team of expert contributors, Toxicity of building materials is an invaluable tool for all civil engineers, materials researchers, scientists and educators working in the field of building materials.