Progression of chronic diseases in general and chronic kidney disease in particular has been traditionally viewed in the light of various contributors to development of glomerulosclerosis and tubulointerstitial scarring culminating in renal fibrosis. Indeed, this dogma prevailed for decades underscoring experimental attempts to halt fibrotic processes. Breakthrough investigations of the past few years on stem/progenitor cell involvement in organ regeneration caused a conceptual shift in tackling the mechanisms of nephrosclerosis. It has become clear that the rate of progression of chronic kidney disease is the net sum of the opposing trends: degenerative fibrotic processes and regenerative repair mechanisms. The latter part of this equation has been by and large ignored for years and only recently attracted investigative attention. This book revisits the problem of kidney disease by focusing on regenerative mechanisms in renal repair and on the ways these regenerative processes can become subverted by an intrinsic disease process eventuating in its progression. Cutting-edge investigations are summarized by the most experienced international team of experts. Presents a comprehensive, translational source for all aspects of renal stem cells, tissue regeneration, and stem cell therapies for renal diseases in one reference work. This will ultimately result in time savings for academic, medical and pharma researchers Experts in the renal stem cell system in kidney repair and regeneration take readers from the bench research to new therapeutic approaches, providing a common language for nephrology researchers, fellows and other stem cell researchers. This enables the discussion of development of stem cells and their use in the repair and regeneration of the kidney

Progression of chronic diseases in general and chronic kidney disease in particular has been traditionally viewed in the light of various contributors to development of glomerulosclerosis and tubulointerstitial scarring culminating in renal fibrosis. Indeed, this dogma prevailed for decades underscoring experimental attempts to halt fibrotic processes. Breakthrough investigations of the past few years on stem/progenitor cell involvement in organ regeneration caused a conceptual shift in tackling the mechanisms of nephrosclerosis. It has become clear that the rate of progression of chronic kidney disease is the net sum of the opposing trends: degenerative fibrotic processes and regenerative repair mechanisms. The latter part of this equation has been by and large ignored for years and only recently attracted investigative attention. This book revisits the problem of kidney disease by focusing on regenerative mechanisms in renal repair and on the ways these regenerative processes can become subverted by an intrinsic disease process eventuating in its progression. Cutting-edge investigations are summarized by the most experienced international team of experts. Presents a comprehensive, translational source for all aspects of renal stem cells, tissue regeneration, and stem cell therapies for renal diseases in one reference work. This will ultimately result in time savings for academic, medical and pharma researchers Experts in the renal stem cell system in kidney repair and regeneration take readers from the bench research to new therapeutic approaches, providing a common language for nephrology researchers, fellows and other stem cell researchers. This enables the discussion of development of stem cells and their use in the repair and regeneration of the kidney

1;Front Cover;12;Regenerative Nephrology;43;Copyright;54;Dedication;65;Contents;86;Contributors;127;Introduction;148;Part I -Phylogeny and Ontogeny of Tissue Regeneration;188.1;Chapter 1 Glomerulogenesis and De Novo Nephrogenesis in Medaka Fish: An Evolutionary Approach;208.1.1;Introduction;208.1.2;Medaka as a Model Animal for Kidney Research;218.1.3;Kidney Development in Medaka;228.1.4;Kidney Regeneration in Medaka;288.1.5;Perspectives;328.1.6;Conclusion;338.1.7;References;338.2;Chapter 2 Renal Organogenesis: Growing a Replacement Kidney In Situ from Transplanted Renal Primordia;368.2.1;Introduction;368.2.2;Methodology for Organogenesis;378.2.3;Renal Organogenesis;408.2.4;Alternatives to the Use of Embryonic Kidney Primordianbspto AchievenbspOrganogenesis;468.2.5;Current Challenges in the Application of Renal Organogenesis Technology;488.2.6;Conclusion;508.2.7;References;508.3;Chapter 3 Use of Genetic Mouse Models to Study Kidney Regeneration;548.3.1;Introduction;558.3.2;Genetic Modification In Vivo;558.3.3;Development of the Nephron: How Genetic Tools have Enabled Understanding of Nephron Formation;628.3.4;Adult Kidney Regeneration: How Genetic Tools have Enabled Understanding of Nephron Regeneration;648.3.5;Lessons from Generation of the Kidney: Can We Use Recent Insights and Developmental Tools to Regenerate the Kidney?;798.3.6;References;799;Part II -Mediators of Regeneration;849.1;Chapter 4 Endogenous Anti-inflammatory and Proresolving Lipid Mediators in Renal Disease;869.1.1;Introduction;869.1.2;Lipid Mediators: Chemical Autacoids in Inflammation and Resolution;899.1.3;Lipoxins;899.1.4;Proresolving Pathways, Essential Fatty Acids and Resolution Indices;919.1.5;Aspirin is Resolution Friendly;919.1.6;Statins and Anti-inflammatory Lipid Mediators;949.1.7;Lipoxins and Heme Oxygenase-1 System;959.1.8;Resolvins are Novel Endogenous Mediators: 18R E-Series and 17R D-Series Resolvins;959.1.9;Resolvin and Protectin Biosynthesis;979.1.10;Resolvins and Protectins in Disease Models;989.1.11;Corneal Damage: Epithelial Wound Healing;1009.1.12;Renal Inflammation, Resolution and Fibrosis;1019.1.13;Proresolving Therapeutics: Agonists of Resolution?;1039.1.14;Conclusion;1049.1.15;References;1049.2;Chapter 5 Tissue Protection and Regeneration Aided by Erythropoietin and Erythropoietin-derived Peptides;1109.2.1;Introduction;1109.2.2;Tissue Expression of Erythropoietin and the Erythropoietin Receptor;1109.2.3;Erythropoietin in the Vascular System;1119.2.4;Erythropoietin and the Kidney;1129.2.5;Conclusion;1159.2.6;References;1159.3;Chapter 6 Mast Cells in Kidney Regeneration;1209.3.1;Introduction;1209.3.2;Basic Biology of Mast Cells;1219.3.3;Model Systems to Study Mast Cell Functions;1259.3.4;Beneficial Role of Mast Cells in Inflammation;1269.3.5;Mast Cells as Regulators of Immune and Inflammatory Reactions;1279.3.6;Inflammation and Kidney Diseases: A Regenerative Perspective;1289.3.7;Mast Cells in Kidney Disease;1299.3.8;Positive Actions of Mast Cell Mediators in Kidney Disease;1339.3.9;Conclusion;1379.3.10;References;1379.4;Chapter 7 Role of Macrophages in Renal Injury, Repair and Regeneration;1429.4.1;Introduction;1429.4.2;Injury, Repair and Regeneration of the Kidney;1439.4.3;Macrophage Phenotype;1449.4.4;Macrophages in Different Disease Models;1459.4.5;Alternative Methods for Stimulating Macrophages;1529.4.6;Alternative Sources of Macrophages;1529.4.7;Regenerative Potential of Macrophages in Kidney Disease;1539.4.8;Current Limitations in the Use of Macrophages as Cellular Therapy in Kidney Disease;1539.4.9;Conclusion;1549.4.10;References;1549.5;Chapter 8 T-cell Contribution to Injury and Regenerative Processes in Kidney Diseases: Focus on Regulatory T Cells;1589.5.1;Overview of T Cells in Kidney Diseases;1589.5.2;Glomerulonephritis;1609.5.3;Acute Kidney Injury;1619.5.4;Kidney Transplantation;1649.5.5;Conclusion;1649.5.6;References;16410;Part III -Stem Ce