Stroke is a global health problem affecting approximately 15 million people annually in the world and about 700,000 in the United States. It is the third leading cause of death and the most common cause of disability in most developed countries.Acute Ischemic Injury and Repair in the Nervous System is intended to provide the most up-to-date knowledge of the mechanisms of neuronal death and repair after stroke. It is our belief that this volume of the Handbook of Neurochemistry and Molecular Neurobiology provides an excellent review of the tremendous advances of the past decades in the neurochemical and molecular biological aspects of cerebral ischemia. It is hoped that these advances will provide an impetus for basic scientists and clinicians to further their translational research and to promote the insights for development of therapeutic interventions for stroke.

GENE EXPRESSION PROFILING IN ISCHEMIC BRAIN INJURY AND ISCHEMIC TOLERANCE – C. A. Harrington, S. Stevens, M. Stenzel-Poore, and R. P. Simon.- NEUROBIOLOGY OF AIF AND PARP IN CEREBRAL ISCHEMIA – D. W. Koh, T. M. Dawson, and V. L. Dawson.- iNOS AND COX-2 IN ISCHEMIC STROKE – P. Zhou and C. Iadecola.- eNOS AND nNOS IN STROKE – P. L. Huang.- MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF DNA DAMAGE AND REPAIR IN ISCHEMIC NEURONAL INJURY – F. Sun, G. Gobbel, W. Li, and J. Chen.- HEAT-SHOCK PROTEIN REGULATION OF PROTEIN FOLDING, PROTEIN DEGRADATION, PROTEIN FUNCTION AND APOPTOSIS – R. Ran, A. Lu, H. Xu, Y. Tang, and F. R. Sharp.- COTRANSLATIONAL PROTEIN FOLDING AND AGGREGATION AFTER BRAIN ISCHEMIA – B. R. Hu.- SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASES IN STROKE – C. M. Maier and P. H. Chan.- THE ROLE OF GLIA IN EXCITOTOXICITY AND STROKE – T. M. Kauppinen and R. A. Swanson.- CEREBRAL ENDOTHELIAL CELL REACTION TO ISCHEMIC INSULTS – D.-I. Yang, T.-N. Lin, K.-J. Yin, C.-J. Hu, S.-D. Chen, J. Xu, and C. Y. Hsu.- GENDER, SEX STEROIDS AND CEREBRAL ISCHEMIC PATHOBIOLOGY – I. P. Koerner, S. J. Murphy, and P. D. Hurn.- MECHANISMS OF ISCHEMIC CELL DEATH IN THE DEVELOPING BRAIN – Z. S. Vexler and D. M. Ferriero.- MOLECULAR MECHANISMS FOR EARLY BRAIN INJURY AFTER SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE – R. P. Ostrowski, A. R. T. Colohan, and J. H. Zhang.- MINOCYCLINE IN CEREBRAL ISCHEMIA AND EXCITOTOXICITY – J. Koistinaho, M. Koistinaho.- MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASES AND TISSUE PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR REPERFUSION THERAPY FOR SRTOKE – M. M. Ning, J. Montaner, X. Wang, S.-R. Lee, K. Tsuji, E. Tejima, A. M. Buchan, and E. H Lo.-