The design of mechanical structures with improved and predictable durability cannot be achieved without a thorough understanding of the mechanisms of fatigue damage and more specifically the relationships between the microstructure of materials and their fatigue properties. Written by leading experts in the field, this book (which is complementary to Fatigue of Materials and Structures: Application to Damage and Design, also edited by Claude Bathias and Andr Pineau), provides an authoritative, comprehensive and unified treatment of the mechanics and micromechanisms of fatigue in metals, polymers and composites. Each chapter is devoted to one of the major classes of materials or to different types of fatigue damage, thereby providing overall coverage of the field. The book deals with crack initiation, crack growth, low-cycle fatigue, gigacycle fatigue, shorts cracks, fatigue micromechanisms and the local approach to fatigue damage, corrosion fatigue, environmental effects and variable amplitude loadings, and will be an important and much used reference for students, practicing engineers and researchers studying fracture and fatigue in numerous areas of mechanical, structural, civil, design, nuclear, and aerospace engineering as well as materials science.

The design of mechanical structures with improved and predictable durability cannot be achieved without a thorough understanding of the mechanisms of fatigue damage and more specifically the relationships between the microstructure of materials and their fatigue properties. Written by leading experts in the field, this book (which is complementary to Fatigue of Materials and Structures: Application to Damage and Design, also edited by Claude Bathias and André Pineau), provides an authoritative, comprehensive and unified treatment of the mechanics and micromechanisms of fatigue in metals, polymers and composites. Each chapter is devoted to one of the major classes of materials or to different types of fatigue damage, thereby providing overall coverage of the field.The book deals with crack initiation, crack growth, low-cycle fatigue, gigacycle fatigue, shorts cracks, fatigue micromechanisms and the local approach to fatigue damage, corrosion fatigue, environmental effects and variable amplitude loadings, and will be an important and much used reference for students, practicing engineers and researchers studying fracture and fatigue in numerous areas of mechanical, structural, civil, design, nuclear, and aerospace engineering as well as materials science.

PrefaceINTRODUCTIONA PIVOTAL ROLE OF SECONDARY OXIDE SCALE DURING HOT ROLLING AND FOR SUBSEQUENT PRODUCT QUALITYFrictionHeat TransferThermal Evolution in Hot RollingSecondary Scale-Related DefectsSCALE GROWTH AND FORMATION OF SUBSURFACE LAYERSHigh-Temperature Oxidation of SteelShort-Time Oxidation of SteelScale Growth at Continuous CoolingPlastic Deformation of Oxide ScalesFormation and Structure of the Subsurface Layer in Aluminum RollingMETHODOLOGY APPLIED FOR NUMERICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF OXDIE SCALE IN THERMOMECHANICAL PROCESSINGCombination of Experiments and Computer Modeling: A Key for Scale CharaterizationPrediction of Mild Steel Oxide Failure at Entry Into the Roll Gap as an Example of the Numerical Characterization of the Secondary Scale BehaviorMAKING MEASUREMENTS OF OXIDE SCALE BEHAVIOR UNDER HOT WORKING CONDITIONSLaboratory Rolling ExperimentsMultipass Laboratory Rolling TestingHot Tensile TestingHot Plane Strain Compression TestingHot Four-Point Bend TestingHot Tension Compression TestingBend Testing at the Room TemperatureNUMERICAL INTERPRETATION OF TEST RESULTS: A WAY TOWARD DETERMINING THE MOST CRITICAL PARAMETERS OF OXIDE SCALE BEHAVIORNumerical Interpretation of Modified Hot Tensile TestingNumerical Interpretation of Plain Strain Compression TestingNumerical Interpretation of Hot Four-Point Bend TestingNumerical Interpretation of Hot Tension-Compression TestingNumerical Interpretation of Bend Testing at Room TemperaturePHYSICALLY BASED FINITE ELEMENT MODEL OF THE OXIDE SCALE: ASSUMPTIONS, NUMERICAL TECHNIQUES, EXAMPLES OF PREDICTIONMultilevel AnalysisFracture, Ductile Behavior, and SlidingDelamination, Multilayer Scale, Scale on Roll, and Multipass RollingCombined Discrete/Finite Element ApproachUNDERSTANDING AND PREDICTING MICROEVENTS RELATED TO SCALE BEHAVIOR AND FORMATION OF SUBSURFACE LAYERSSurface Scale Evolution in the Hot Rolling of SteelCrack Development in Steel Oxide Scale Under Hot CompressionOxide Scale Behavior and Composition EffectsSurface Finish in the Hot Rolling of Low-Carbon SteelAnalysis of Mechanical Descaling: Low-Carbon and Stainless SteelEvaluation of Interfacial Heat Transfer During Hot Steel Rolling Assuming Scale Failure EffectsScale Surface Roughness in Hot RollingFormation of Stock Surface and Subsurface Layers in Breakdown Rolling of Aluminum AlloysOXIDE SCALE AND THROUGH-PROCESS CHARACTERIZATION OF FRICTIONAL CONDITIONS FOR THE HOT ROLLING OF STEEL: INDUSTRIAL INPUTBackgroundBrief Summary of the Main Friction Laws Used in IndustryIndustrial Conditions Including DescalingRecent Developments in Friction ModelsApplication of Hot LubricationLaboratory and Industrial Measurements and ValidationIndustrial Validation and MeasurementsConclusions and Way Forward