Students and teachers of Chinese history and philosophy will not want to miss Daniel Gardner's accessible translation of the teachings of Chu Hsi (1130-1200)—a luminary of the Confucian tradition who dominated Chinese intellectual life for centuries. Homing in on a primary concern of our own time, Gardner focuses on Chu Hsi's passionate interest in education and its importance to individual development.

For hundreds of years, every literate person in China was familiar with Chu Hsi's teachings. They informed the curricula of private academies and public schools and became the basis of the state's prestigious civil service examinations. Nor was Chu's influence limited to China. In Korea and Japan as well, his teachings defined the terms of scholarly debate and served as the foundation for state ideology.

Chu Hsi was convinced that through education anyone could learn to be fully moral and thus travel the road to sagehood. Throughout his life, he struggled with the philosophical questions underlying education: What should people learn? How should they go about learning? What enables them to learn? What are the aims and the effects of learning?

Part One ofLearning to Be a Sage examines Chu Hsi's views on learning and how he arrived at them. Part Two presents a translation of the chapters devoted to learning in theConversations of Master Chu.

Students and teachers of Chinese history and philosophy will not want to miss Daniel Gardner's accessible translation of the teachings of Chu Hsi (1130-1200)—a luminary of the Confucian tradition who dominated Chinese intellectual life for centuries. Homing in on a primary concern of our own time, Gardner focuses on Chu Hsi's passionate interest in education and its importance to individual development.

For hundreds of years, every literate person in China was familiar with Chu Hsi's teachings. They informed the curricula of private academies and public schools and became the basis of the state's prestigious civil service examinations. Nor was Chu's influence limited to China. In Korea and Japan as well, his teachings defined the terms of scholarly debate and served as the foundation for state ideology.

Chu Hsi was convinced that through education anyone could learn to be fully moral and thus travel the road to sagehood. Throughout his life, he struggled with the philosophical questions underlying education: What should people learn? How should they go about learning? What enables them to learn? What are the aims and the effects of learning?

Part One ofLearning to Be a Sage examines Chu Hsi's views on learning and how he arrived at them. Part Two presents a translation of the chapters devoted to learning in theConversations of Master Chu.

Acknowledgments
Abbreviations
Preface

Part One: Introduction
A Brief Biography of Chu Hsi
Chu Hsi and the Crisis of the Way in the Twelfth Century
Restoring the Way: Chu Hsi's Educational Activities
Chu Hsi's Program of Learning for Followers of the Way
Chu Hsi and the Transformation of the Confucian Tradition

Part Two: Selections from the Conversations of Master Chu
Arranged Topically-The Chapters on Learning
Note on Text and Translation
1. Lesser Learning (Chapter 7)
2. The Method of Learning, General Discussion (Chapter 8)
3· A Discussion of Knowledge and Action (Chapter 8)
4· On Reading, Part 1 (Chapter 10)
5· On Reading, Part 2 (Chapter 11)
6. Holding On to It (Chapter 12)
7· Energetically Putting It into Practice (Chapter 13)

Glossary
List of Works Cited
Index