Semiconductors
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Semiconductors

Bonds and bands
 EPUB
Sofort lieferbar | Lieferzeit: Sofort lieferbar I
ISBN-13:
9780750310444
Veröffentl:
2013
Einband:
EPUB
Seiten:
181
Autor:
David K Ferry
Serie:
ISSN
eBook Typ:
EPUB
eBook Format:
Reflowable EPUB
Kopierschutz:
Adobe DRM [Hard-DRM]
Sprache:
Englisch
Beschreibung:

It is important to note that semiconductors are quite different from either metals or insulators, and their importance lies in the base that they provide to a massive microelectronics and optics community and industry. This book, written for graduate students, describes how quantum mechanics gives semiconductors their unique properties that enabled the microelectronics revolution and focusses on the electronic band structure, lattice dynamics and electron–phonon interactions in semiconductors; properties that make semiconductors the foundation of the modern microelectronics industry.
It is important to note that semiconductors are quite different from either metals or insulators, and their importance lies in the base that they provide to a massive microelectronics and optics community and industry. This book, written for graduate students, describes how quantum mechanics gives semiconductors their unique properties that enabled the microelectronics revolution and focusses on the electronic band structure, lattice dynamics and electron–phonon interactions in semiconductors; properties that make semiconductors the foundation of the modern microelectronics industry.

1 Introduction

1.1 What is included in device modeling?

1.2 What is in this book?

References

2 Electronic Structure

2.1 Periodic Potentials

2.1.1 Bloch Functions

2.1.2 Periodicity and Gaps in Energy

2.2 Potentials and Pseudopotentials

2.3 Real-Space Methods

2.3.1 Bands in One Dimension

2.3.2 Two-Dimensional Lattice

2.3.3 Three-Dimensional Lattices-Tetrahedral Coordination

2.3.4 First Principles and Empirical Approaches

2.4 Momentum Space Methods

2.4.1 The Local Pseudo-Potential Approach

2.4.2 Adding Nonlocal Terms

2.4.3 The Spin-Orbit Interaction

2.5 The k-p Method

2.5.1 Valence and Conduction Band Interactions

2.5.2 Wave Functions

2.6 The Effective Mass Approximation

2.7 Semiconductor Alloys

2.7.1 The Virtual Crystal Approximation

2.7.2 Alloy Ordering

References

3 Lattice Dynamics

3.1 Lattice Waves and Phonons

3.1.1 One-Dimensional Lattice

3.1.2 The Diatomic Lattice

3.1.3 Quantization of the One-Dimensional Lattice

3.2 Waves in Deformable Solids

3.2.1 (100) Waves

3.2.2 (110) Waves

3.3 Lattice Contribution to the Dielectric Function

3.4 Models for Calculating Phonon Dynamics

3.4.1 Shell Models

3.4.2 Valence Force Field Models

3.4.3 Bond-Charge Models

3.4.4 First Principles Approaches

3.5 Anharmonic Forces and the Phonon Lifetime

3.5.1 Anharmonic Terms in the Potential

3.5.2 Phonon Lifetimes

References

4 The Electron­-Phonon Interaction

4.1 The Basic Interaction

4.2 Acoustic Deformation Potential Scattering

4.2.1 Spherically Symmetric Bands

4.2.2 Ellipsoidal Bands

4.3 Piezoelectric Scattering

4.4 Optical and Intervalley Scattering

4.4.1 Zero-Order Scattering

4.4.2 Selection Rules

4.4.3 First-Order Scattering

4.4.4 Deformation Potentials

4.5 Polar Optical Phonon Scattering

4.6 Other Scattering Processes

4.6.1 Ionized Impurity Scattering

4.6.2 Coulomb Scattering in Two Dimensions

4.6.3 Surface-Roughness Scattering

4.6.4 Alloy Scattering

4.6.5 Defect Scattering

References

5 Carrier Transport

5.1 The Boltzmann Transport Equation

5.1.1 The Relaxation Time Approximation

5.1.2 Conductivity

5.1.3 Diffusion

5.1.4 Magnetoconductivity

5.1.5 Transport in High Magnetic Field

5.1.6 Energy Dependence of the Relaxation Time

5.2 The Ensemble Monte Carlo Technique

5.2.1 Free Flight Generation

5.2.2 Final State After Scattering

5.2.3 Time Synchronization

5.2.4 Rejection Techniques for Nonlinear Processes

As we settle into this second decade of the 21st century it is evident that the advances in microelectronics have truly revolutionized our day-to-day lifestyle. The growth of microelectronics itself has been driven, and in turn is calibrated by, the growth in density of transistors on a single integrated circuit, a growth that has come to be known as Moore’s Law. Considering that the first transistor appeared only at the middle of the last century, it is remarkable that billions of transistors can now appear on a single chip. The technology is built upon semiconductors, materials in which the band gap has been engineered for special values suitable to the particular application.This book, written specifically for a one-semester course for graduate students, provides a thorough understanding of the key solid-state physics of semiconductors and prepares readers for further advanced study, research and development work in semiconductor materials and applications. The book describes how quantum mechanics gives semiconductors unique properties that enabled the microelectronics revolution, and sustain the ever-growing importance of this revolution. Including chapters on electronic structure, lattice dynamics, electron–phonon interactions and carrier transport it also discusses theoretical methods for computation of band structure, phonon spectra, the electron–phonon interaction and transport of carriers.

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