Though the deep interior of the Earth (and other terrestrial planets) is inaccessible to humans, we are able to combine observational, experimental and computational (theoretical) studies to begin to understand the role of the deep Earth in the dynamics and evolution of the planet. This book brings together a series of reviews of key areas in this important and vibrant field of studies. A range of material properties, including phase transformations and rheological properties, influences the way in which material is circulated within the planet. This circulation re-distributes key materials such as volatiles that affect the pattern of materials circulation. The understanding of deep Earth structure and dynamics is a key to the understanding of evolution and dynamics of terrestrial planets, including planets orbiting other stars. This book contains chapters on deep Earth materials, compositional models, and geophysical studies of material circulation which together provide an invaluable synthesis of deep Earth research. Readership: advanced undergraduates, graduates and researchers in geophysics, mineral physics and geochemistry.

Though the deep interior of the Earth (and other terrestrial planets) is inaccessible to humans, we are able to combine observational, experimental and computational (theoretical) studies to begin to understand the role of the deep Earth in the dynamics and evolution of the planet. This book brings together a series of reviews of key areas in this important and vibrant field of studies.A range of material properties, including phase transformations and rheological properties, influences the way in which material is circulated within the planet. This circulation re-distributes key materials such as volatiles that affect the pattern of materials circulation. The understanding of deep Earth structure and dynamics is a key to the understanding of evolution and dynamics of terrestrial planets, including planets orbiting other stars.This book contains chapters on deep Earth materials, compositional models, and geophysical studies of material circulation which together provide an invaluable synthesis of deep Earth research.Readership: advanced undergraduates, graduates and researchers in geophysics, mineral physics and geochemistry.

Contributors viiPreface ixPart 1 Materials' Properties 11 Volatiles under High Pressure 3Hans Keppler2 Earth's Mantle Melting in the Presence of C-O-H-Bearing Fluid 38Konstantin D. Litasov, Anton Shatskiy, and Eiji Ohtani3 Elasticity, Anelasticity, and Viscosity of a Partially Molten Rock 66Yasuko Takei4 Rheological Properties of Minerals and Rocks 94Shun-ichiro Karato5 Electrical Conductivity of Minerals and Rocks 145Shun-ichiro Karato and Duojun WangPart 2 Compositional Models 1836 Chemical Composition of the Earth's Lower Mantle: Constraints from Elasticity 185Motohiko Murakami7 Ab Initio Mineralogical Model of the Earth's Lower Mantle 213Taku Tsuchiya and Kenji Kawai8 Chemical and Physical Properties and Thermal State of the Core 244Eiji Ohtani9 Composition and Internal Dynamics of Super-Earths 271Diana ValenciaPart 3 Geophysical Observations and Models of Material Circulation 29510 Seismic Observations of Mantle Discontinuities and Their Mineralogical and Dynamical Interpretation 297Arwen Deuss, Jennifer Andrews, and Elizabeth Day11 Global Imaging of the Earth's Deep Interior: Seismic Constraints on (An)isotropy, Density and Attenuation 324Jeannot Trampert and Andreas Fichtner12 Mantle Mixing: Processes and Modeling 351Peter E. van Keken13 Fluid Processes in Subduction Zones and Water Transport to the Deep Mantle 372Hikaru Iwamori and Tomoeki NakakukiIndex 393Colour plate section can be found between pages 214-215