Presents recent breakthroughs in the theory, methods, and applications of safety and risk analysis for safety engineers, risk analysts, and policy makers Safety principles are paramount to addressing structured handling of safety concerns in all technological systems. This handbook captures and discusses the multitude of safety principles in a practical and applicable manner. It is organized by five overarching categories of safety principles: Safety Reserves; Information and Control; Demonstrability; Optimization; and Organizational Principles and Practices. With a focus on the structured treatment of a large number of safety principles relevant to all related fields, each chapter defines the principle in question and discusses its application as well as how it relates to other principles and terms. This treatment includes the history, the underlying theory, and the limitations and criticism of the principle. Several chapters also problematize and critically discuss the very concept of a safety principle. The book treats issues such as: What are safety principles and what roles do they have? What kinds of safety principles are there? When, if ever, should rules and principles be disobeyed? How do safety principles relate to the law; what is the status of principles in different domains? The book also features: Insights from leading international experts on safety and reliability Real-world applications and case studies including systems usability, verification and validation, human reliability, and safety barriers Different taxonomies for how safety principles are categorized Breakthroughs in safety and risk science that can significantly change, improve, and inform important practical decisions A structured treatment of safety principles relevant to numerous disciplines and application areas in industry and other sectors of society Comprehensive and practical coverage of the multitude of safety principles including maintenance optimization, substitution, safety automation, risk communication, precautionary approaches, non-quantitative safety analysis, safety culture, and many others The Handbook of Safety Principles is an ideal reference and resource for professionals engaged in risk and safety analysis and research. This book is also appropriate as a graduate and PhD-level textbook for courses in risk and safety analysis, reliability, safety engineering, and risk management offered within mathematics, operations research, and engineering departments. NIKLAS M LLER, PhD, is Associate Professor at the Royal Institute of Technology in Sweden. The author of approximately 20 international journal articles, Dr. M ller's research interests include the philosophy of risk, metaethics, philosophy of science, and epistemology. SVEN OVE HANSSON, PhD, is Professor of Philosophy at the Royal Institute of Technology. He has authored over 300 articles in international journals and is a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences. Dr. Hansson is also a Topical Editor for the Wiley Encyclopedia of Operations Research and Management Science. JAN-ERIK HOLMBERG, PhD, is Senior Consultant at Risk Pilot AB and Adjunct Professor of Probabilistic Riskand Safety Analysis at the Royal Institute of Technology. Dr. Holmberg received his PhD in Applied Mathematics from Helsinki University of Technology in 1997. CARL ROLLENHAGEN, PhD, is Adjunct Professor of Risk and Safety at the Royal Institute of Technology. Dr. Rollenhagen has performed extensive research in the field of human factors and MTO (Man, Technology, and Organization) with a specific emphasis on safety culture and climate, event investigation methods, and organizational safety assessment.

Presents recent breakthroughs in the theory, methods, and applications of safety and risk analysis for safety engineers, risk analysts, and policy makersSafety principles are paramount to addressing structured handling of safety concerns in all technological systems. This handbook captures and discusses the multitude of safety principles in a practical and applicable manner. It is organized by five overarching categories of safety principles: Safety Reserves; Information and Control; Demonstrability; Optimization; and Organizational Principles and Practices. With a focus on the structured treatment of a large number of safety principles relevant to all related fields, each chapter defines the principle in question and discusses its application as well as how it relates to other principles and terms. This treatment includes the history, the underlying theory, and the limitations and criticism of the principle. Several chapters also problematize and critically discuss the very concept of a safety principle. The book treats issues such as: What are safety principles and what roles do they have? What kinds of safety principles are there? When, if ever, should rules and principles be disobeyed? How do safety principles relate to the law; what is the status of principles in different domains? The book also features:* Insights from leading international experts on safety and reliability* Real-world applications and case studies including systems usability, verification and validation, human reliability, and safety barriers* Different taxonomies for how safety principles are categorized* Breakthroughs in safety and risk science that can significantly change, improve, and inform important practical decisions* A structured treatment of safety principles relevant to numerous disciplines and application areas in industry and other sectors of society* Comprehensive and practical coverage of the multitude of safety principles including maintenance optimization, substitution, safety automation, risk communication, precautionary approaches, non-quantitative safety analysis, safety culture, and many othersThe Handbook of Safety Principles is an ideal reference and resource for professionals engaged in risk and safety analysis and research. This book is also appropriate as a graduate and PhD-level textbook for courses in risk and safety analysis, reliability, safety engineering, and risk management offered within mathematics, operations research, and engineering departments.NIKLAS MÖLLER, PhD, is Associate Professor at the Royal Institute of Technology in Sweden. The author of approximately 20 international journal articles, Dr. Möller's research interests include the philosophy of risk, metaethics, philosophy of science, and epistemology.SVEN OVE HANSSON, PhD, is Professor of Philosophy at the Royal Institute of Technology. He has authored over 300 articles in international journals and is a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences. Dr. Hansson is also a Topical Editor for the Wiley Encyclopedia of Operations Research and Management Science.JAN-ERIK HOLMBERG, PhD, is Senior Consultant at Risk Pilot AB and Adjunct Professor of Probabilistic Riskand Safety Analysis at the Royal Institute of Technology. Dr. Holmberg received his PhD in Applied Mathematics from Helsinki University of Technology in 1997.CARL ROLLENHAGEN, PhD, is Adjunct Professor of Risk and Safety at the Royal Institute of Technology. Dr. Rollenhagen has performed extensive research in the field of human factors and MTO (Man, Technology, and Organization) with a specific emphasis on safety culture and climate, event investigation methods, and organizational safety assessment.

Preface xxvList of Contributors xxvii1 INTRODUCTION 1Niklas Moller, Sven Ove Hansson, Jan-Erik Holmberg, and Carl Rollenhagen2 PREVIEW 11Niklas Moller, Sven Ove Hansson, Jan-Erik Holmberg, and Carl Rollenhagen3 RESILIENCE ENGINEERING AND THE FUTURE OF SAFETY MANAGEMENT 25Erik Hollnagel4 DEFENSE-IN-DEPTH 42Jan-Erik Holmberg5 SAFETY BARRIERS 63Lars Harms-Ringdahl and Carl Rollenhagen6 FACTORS AND MARGINS OF SAFETY 87Neelke Doorn and Sven Ove HanssonPart II Information and Control 1157 EXPERIENCE FEEDBACK 117Urban Kjellen8 RISK AND SAFETY INDICATORS 142Drew Rae9 PRINCIPLES OF HUMAN FACTORS ENGINEERING 164Leena Norros and Paula Savioja10 SAFETY AUTOMATION 196Bjorn Wahlstrom11 RISK COMMUNICATION 235Jan M. Gutteling12 THE PRECAUTIONARY PRINCIPLE 258Sven Ove Hansson13 OPERATING PROCEDURE 284Jinkyun Park14 HUMAN-MACHINE SYSTEM 305Anna-Lisa Osvalder and H??akan AlmPart III Demonstrability 33115 QUALITY PRINCIPLES AND THEIR APPLICATIONS TO SAFETY 333Bo Bergman16 SAFETY CASES 361Tim Kelly17 INHERENTLY SAFE DESIGN 386Rajagopalan Srinivasan and Mohd Umair Iqbal18 MAINTENANCE, MAINTAINABILITY, AND INSPECTABILITY 397Torbjorn Ylipaa, Anders Skoogh, and Jon BokrantzPart IV Optimization 41519 ON THE RISK-INFORMED REGULATION FOR THE SAFETY AGAINST EXTERNAL HAZARDS 417Pieter van Gelder20 QUANTITATIVE RISK ANALYSIS 434Jan-Erik Holmberg21 QUALITATIVE RISK ANALYSIS 463Risto Tiusanen22 PRINCIPLES AND LIMITATIONS OF COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS FOR SAFETY INVESTMENTS 493Genserik Reniers and Luca Talarico23 RAMS OPTIMIZATION PRINCIPLES 514Yan-Fu Li and Enrico Zio24 MAINTENANCE OPTIMIZATION AND ITS RELATION TO SAFETY 540Roger Flage25 HUMAN RELIABILITY ANALYSIS 565Luca Podofillini26 ALARA, BAT, AND THE SUBSTITUTION PRINCIPLE 593Sven Ove HanssonPart V Organizational Principles and Practices 62527 SAFETY MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLES 627Gudela Grote28 SAFETY CULTURE 647Teemu Reiman and Carl Rollenhagen29 PRINCIPLES OF BEHAVIOR-BASED SAFETY 677Steve Roberts and E. Scott Geller30 PRINCIPLES OF EMERGENCY PLANS AND CRISIS MANAGEMENT 711Ann Enander31 SAFETY STANDARDS: CHRONIC CHALLENGES AND EMERGING PRINCIPLES 732Ibrahim Habli32 MANAGING THE UNEXPECTED 747Jean-Christophe Le CozeReferences 772Index 777