The World Health Organization defines health inequities as differences in health outcomes that are systematic, avoidable, and unjust; and the result of poor social policies, unfair economic arrangements, and bad politics. This volume describes the role that evaluations can play in addressing health inequities. A key focus is on the types of capacities that need to be built to evaluate inequities.Bringing alive these questions around evaluation capacities are theory and practice studies from China, Chile, and India.This volume: Focuses on inequities in evaluation capacity building initiatives. Argues evaluations can be interventions themselves. Explores how evaluations can have influence in addressing inequities. Recognizes that innovations in evaluation capacity experiments are occurring in diverse countries and we have the opportunity to learn from such initiatives. This is the 154th issue in the New Directions for Evaluation series from Jossey-Bass. It is an official publication of the American Evaluation Association.

The World Health Organization defines health inequities as differences in health outcomes that are systematic, avoidable, and unjust; and the result of poor social policies, unfair economic arrangements, and bad politics. This volume describes the role that evaluations can play in addressing health inequities. A key focus is on the types of capacities that need to be built to evaluate inequities.Bringing alive these questions around evaluation capacities are theory and practice studies from China, Chile, and India.This volume:* Focuses on inequities in evaluation capacity building initiatives.* Argues evaluations can be interventions themselves.* Explores how evaluations can have influence in addressing inequities.* Recognizes that innovations in evaluation capacity experiments are occurring in diverse countries and we have the opportunity to learn from such initiatives.This is the 154th issue in the New Directions for Evaluation series from Jossey-Bass. It is an official publication of the American Evaluation Association.

Editors' Notes 9Sanjeev Sridharan, Kun Zhao, April Nakaima1. An Experiment on Building Evaluation Capacity to Address Health Inequities in China 17Kun Zhao, Sanjeev Sridharan, Marie-Gloriose Ingabire, Mo Yu, April Nakaima, Xue Li, Yue Xiao, Emily Chen2. Evaluation at the Time of Health Systems Reform: Chinese Policymakers' Need for a Robust System of Evaluations to Assess Progress in the Implementation of Reform Efforts 29Kun Zhao, April Nakaima, Wudong Guo, Yingpeng Qiu, Sanjeev Sridharan3. Conceptual Indicators Framework for Strengthening the Chinese Health System 41Yue Xiao, Kun Zhao, Sanjeev Sridharan, Xiaohong Cao4. Lessons Learned from Evaluating China's New Cooperative Medical Scheme 55Mo Yu, Xiaoyan He, Yunxin Hou, Xue Li5. Toward a Structured Process to Evaluate Health Inequities: Lessons Learned from Developing and Implementing Evaluation Guidelines to Address Health Inequities 65Sanjeev Sridharan, Kun Zhao, April Nakaima, Joanna Maplazi, Mo Yu, Yingpeng Qiu6. Equity Is Not an Intervention: Implications of Evaluation--Reflections from India 79Katherine Hay7. The Challenge of Evaluating Equity in Health: Experiences from India's Maternal Health Program 91Abhijit Das8. Lessons from Chile's Use of System-Level Theory of Change to Implement a Policy Redesign Process to Address Health Inequities 101Orielle Solar, Patricia Frenz9. Building Evaluation Capacity to Address Problems of Equity 115Fred Carden10. Inequities and Evaluation Influence 127Melvin M. MarkINDEX 139