Howard Tumber is Professor of Journalism and Communication at City, University of London, UK. He is the founder and Co-Editor-in-Chief of Journalism: Theory, Practice and Criticism. He has published widely in the field of the sociology of news and journalism.

Silvio Waisbord is Professor in the School of Media and Public Affairs at George Washington University, USA. He is the Editor-in-Chief of The Journal of Communication, and he has published widely about news, politics, and social change.

The Companion is the first collection to bring together two distinct ways of thinking about human rights and media: scholarship examining media as a human right and essays examining media coverage of human rights issues.

1 Mapping the Field: Media and Human Rights

2 UNESCO's evolving perspectives on the media and human rights

3 History of Media and Human Rights

4 Media freedom of expression at the Strasbourg Court: Current predictability of the standard of protection offered

5 Communication freedoms versus communication rights: Discursive and Normative struggles within Civil Society and Beyond

6 Freedom of Information and the Media

7 Freedom of Expression and the Chilling Effect

8 Human Rights and Press Law

9 Human rights and the digital

10 Children's rights in the digital age

11 Media and Information Literacy (MIL): Taking the digital social turn for online freedoms and education 3.0

12 Digital Media Practices, Systems, and Rights

13 All human rights are local. The resiliency of social change.

14 Political determinants of media freedom

15 Beyond the binary of universalism and relativism: Iran, media and the discourse of human rights

16 Rights, reporting and mass-surveillance in a digital age

17 Civil society and political-intelligence elites: From manipulation to public accountability

18 Foreign policy, media and human rights

19 Public diplomacy, media, and human rights

20 Global media ethics, human rights and flourishing

21 Investigative journalism and human rights

22 International reporting

23 Global violence against journalists: The power of impunity and emerging initiatives to evoke social change

24 Media, human rights and civic organizations

25 Rights and responsibilities when using user-generated content to report

crisis events

26 Environmental Activism, Journalism and the 'New War'

27 Social media and human rights advocacy

28 All the world's a stage: The rise of transnational celebrity advocacy for human rights

29 Social media reinvigorates disability rights activism globally

30 Media and LGBT advocacy: Visibility and transnationalism in a digital age

31 Live-witnessing, slacktivism, and surveillance: Understanding the opportunities, challenges, and risks of human rights activism in a digital era

32 Human rights and the media/protest assemblage

33 Imaging human rights: On the ethical and political implications of picturing pain

34 Citizen Witnessing of Human Rights Abuses

35 Video and witnessing at the International Criminal Tribunal for the former

Yugoslavia

36 Media, human rights and digital affordances

37 Media, culture, and human rights: Towards an intercultural communication and Human Rights Journalism nexus

38 Media and women's human rights

39 News Coverage of female genital cutting: A seven country comparative study

40 Media, human rights and religion

41 The Role of News Media in Fostering Children's Democratic Citizenship

42 News language and human rights: audiences and outsiders

43 Media, Human Rights and Political Discourse

44 Media, Human Rights and Refugees

45 Labor journalism, human rights and social change

46 Media, Public Safety, and Human Rights

47 Prisoners, Human Rights and the Media

48 Changes in War-Making, Media and Human Rights: Revolution or Repackaging?

49 Media, Terrorism, and Freedom of Expression

The Routledge Companion to Media and Human Rights offers a comprehensive and contemporary survey of the key themes, approaches and debates in the field of media and human rights.

The Companion is the first collection to bring together two distinct ways of thinking about human rights and media, including scholarship that examines media as a human right alongside that which looks at media coverage of human rights issues. This international collection of 49 newly written pieces thus provides a unique overview of current research in the field, while also providing historical context to help students and scholars appreciate how such developments depart from past practices.

The volume examines the universal principals of freedom of expression, legal instruments, the right to know, media as a human right, and the role of media organisations and journalistic work. It is organised thematically in five parts:

• Communication, Expression and Human Rights

• Media Performance and Human Rights: Political Processes

• Media Performance and Human Rights: News and Journalism

• Digital Activism, Witnessing and Human Rights

• Media Representation of Human Rights: Cultural, Social and Political.

Individual essays cover an array of topics, including mass-surveillance, LGBT advocacy, press law, freedom of information and children s rights in the digital age. With contributions from both leading scholars and emerging scholars, the Companion offers an interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary approach to media and human rights allowing for international comparisons and varying perspectives.

The Routledge Companion to Media and Human Rights provides a comprehensive introduction to the current field useful for both students and researchers, and defines the agenda for future research.