Biosocial Research Contributions to Family Processes and Problems, based on the 17th annual National Symposium on Family Issues, examines biosocial models and processes in the context of the family. Research on both biological and social/environmental influences on behavior, health, and development is represented, including behavioral endocrinology, behavior genetics, neuroscience, evolutionary psychology, sociology, demography, anthropology, economics, and psychology. The authors consider physiological and social environmental influences on parenting and early childhood development, followed by adolescent adjustment, and family formation. Also, factors that influence how families adapt to social inequalities are examined.

I. Parenting and Early Childhood Behavior and Development.- How Mothers Are Born: A Psychobiological Analysis Of Mothering.- How Fathers Evolve: A Functional Analysis Of Fathering Behavior.- Caregiving As Co-Regulation: Psychobiological Processes And Child Functioning.- The Determinants of Parenting in GXE Perspective: A Case of Differential Susceptibility.- II. Development and Adjustment in Adolescence.- Gene-Environment Interplay Helps To Explain Influences Of Family Relationships On Adolescent Adjustment And Development.- The Importance of the Phenotype in Explorations of Gene-Environment Interplay.- The Importance of Puberty in Adolescent Development.- Genes, Hormones, and Family Behavior: What Makes Adolescence Unique.- III. Mate Selection, Family Formation, and Fertility.- Human Adaptations for Mating: Frameworks for Understanding Patterns of Family Formation and Fertility.- The Need for Family Research Using Multiple Approaches and Methods.- Psychological Adaptation and Human Fertility Patterns: Some Evidence of Human Mating Strategies as Evoked Sexual Culture.- Comments on Consilience Efforts.- IV. Family Adaptations to Resource Disparities.- Family Influences on Children’s Well-Being: Potential Roles of Molecular Genetics and Epigenetics.- Social Inequalities, Family Relationships, and Child Health.- Family Resources, Genes, and Human Development.- In Search of GE: Why We Haven’t Documented a Gene-Social Environment Interaction Yet.- A Promising Approach to Future Biosocial Research on the Family: Considering The Role of Temporal Context.