The Origin of the Bacterial Immune Response.- The Evolution of Self During the Transition to Multicellularity.- Glyconectin Glycans as the Self-Assembling Nano-Molecular-Velcrosystem Mediating Self-Nonself Recognition and Adhesion Implicated in Evolution of Multicellularity.- Neglected Biological Features in Cnidarians Self-Nonself Recognition.- Intracellular Inflammatory Sensors For Foreign Invaders and Substances of Self-Origin.- Nonself Perception in Plant Innate Immunity.- How Did Flowering Plants Learn to Avoid Blind Date Mistakes? Self‑Incompatibility in Plants and Comparisons with Nonself Rejection in the Immune Response.- Signaling Pathways that Regulate Life and Cell Death: Evolution of Apoptosis in the Context of Self‑Defense.- Sensing Necrotic Cells.- Sensing Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress.- Autophagy and Self-Defense.- Viruses and Host Evolution: Virus‑Mediated Self Identity.- The Evolution of Adaptive Immunity.- Epigenetic Code and Self-Identity.- Viral Immunomodulatory Proteins: Usurping Host Genes as a Survival Strategy.- The Emergence of the Major Histocompatilibility Complex.- MHC Signaling During Social Communication.