Proceedings of a NATO ASI held in Cape Sounion, Greece, June 24-July 5, 1996

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The Role of Cytokines in the Action of Immunological Adjuvants; A.C. Allison. The Role of Tumour Necrosis Factor in Lymphoid Tissue Formation and Function; M. Pasparakis, et al. Dendritic Cells and Cytokines; J.M. Austyn. Control of HIV Entry and Transcription, as a Possible Mechanism of the Antiviral Effects of T Lymphocytes in HIV Infection; J.-L. Virelizier, et al. Development of an Influenza-IscomTM Vaccine; J. Cox, et al. Development of Parainfluenza Virus and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Subunit Vaccines; M. Ewasyshyn, et al. Mucosal Vaccines: Perspectives on the Development of Anti-H.Pylori. Vaccines; P. Ghiara. A Single Treatment with Adjuvant Stimulates Thl-like Cytokines and Downregulates Th2-Mediated Primary and Secondary Allergic Responses; D.E. Scott, B. Golding. Induction of IL-12 Secretion and Enhanced Surface Expression of B7.1/B7.2 and ICAM-1 in Human Monocytes Activated by the Vaccine Carrier Brucella Abortus: Correlaton with in Vivo Generation of Cellular Immune Responses; H. Golding, et al. The Potential use of Different Vaccination Protocols to Tailor Cytokine Profiles; E. Comoy, et al. Modulation of Cytokine Responses by Iscoms and Iscom-Matrix; M. Villacres-Eriksson, et al. Vaccines and Vaccine Delivery Systems: Experience with HSV, Influenza and Mucosal Routes of Immunisation; R. Jennings, et al. 7 Additional Articles. Index.

During the last decade or so vaccine development has been facilitated by rapid ad vances in the molecular and cell biology ofthe immune system. This has laid the foundations of a new generation of vaccines exemplified by subunit vaccines produced through gene cloning and by synthetic peptides mimicking small regions ofproteins on the outer coat ofvi ruses. However, as subunit and peptide vaccines are only weakly or non-immunogenic, there is areal need for strategies to improve their potency. This book contains the proceedings of the 5th NATO Advanced Studies Institute (ASI), "Vaccine Design: The Role of Cytokine Networks," held at Cape Sounion Beach, Greece, during 24 June-5 July 1996 and deals in depth with the role ofbasic immunology in the regulation of immunity and vaccine design. Special emphasis is given to the use of cyto kines in conjuction with vaccines with the aim ofimproving their potency or the use ofvac cines designed to improve cytokine production. We express our appreciation to Dr. J.-L. Virelizier and Dr. G. Kollias for their cooperation in planning the ASI and to Mrs. Concha Perring for her excellent production ofthe manuscripts. The ASI was held under the sponsor ship of NATO Scientific Affairs Division and generously co-sponsored by SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals (Philadelphia). Financial assistance was also provided by Connaught Laboratories Ltd. (Ontario), Pasteur Merieux (Marcy I 'Etoile), Biochine (Siena), Help SA (Athens), and Avanti Polar Lipids Inc. (Birmingham, USA).