Renzo Colle is currently responsible for the programming model of SAP S/4HANA in the central architecture group. He studied business mathematics at the University of Karlsruhe and has worked at SAP for 20 years in a wide variety of areas and roles. He started his career at SAP as a developer in strategic customer development. He then worked in SAP Extended Warehouse Management. In SAP Business ByDesign, he was responsible for logistics and lead architect of the SAP ByDesign platform for cloud applications. As the inventor of the Business Object Processing Framework (BOPF), he works on model-driven software development and transactional applications for over 15 years. Further information about Mr. Colle can be found at https://de.linkedin.com/in/renzo-colle-30804ba1/de.Ralf Dentzer has been working for several years in the central architecture group of the SAP S/4HANA suite, with a focus on the use of Core Data Services in SAP S/4HANA. Ralf joined SAP more than 20 years ago, where he began by developing HR applications for SAP R/3, SAP ERP, and SAP Business ByDesign. After that, his tasks shifted to questions of overall architecture for new solutions. Ralf studied mathematics and received his doctorate from the University of Heidelberg. He is married and has two adult sons.Jan Hrastnik is a member of the suite's architecture team, where he focuses on the virtual data model and the use of Core Data Services in ABAP applications. He has been working in various SAP development areas for over 15 years. At the beginning of his career, he supported numerous customer projects in the automotive industry. Subsequently, he worked in the SCM development of SAP Business ByDesign. Mr. Hrastnik's work initially focused on developing the master data required for the production processes, before he took on overarching expert tasks in central architecture topics. Mr. Hrastnik then worked on SuccessFactors' Employee Central solution and native SAP HANA application development.

Define annotations, implement access controls, work with the virtual data model, and more

... Preface ... 15

... Structure of the Book ... 16

... Acknowledgments ... 19

1 ... Modeling Your First CDS View ... 21

1.1 ... Define the Data Model of the Application ... 22

1.2 ... Implement the Data Model of the Application ... 25

1.3 ... Summary ... 54

2 ... Fundamentals of CDS Data Modeling ... 55

2.1 ... Overview of CDS Syntax ... 56

2.2 ... Key Fields ... 59

2.3 ... Cast Operations ... 61

2.4 ... Case Statements ... 63

2.5 ... Session Variables ... 64

2.6 ... Client Handling ... 66

2.7 ... Union Views ... 68

2.8 ... Joins ... 76

2.9 ... SQL Aggregation Functions ... 82

2.10 ... Associations ... 85

2.11 ... Parameters ... 106

2.12 ... Conversion Functions for Currencies and Quantity Units ... 112

2.13 ... Performance Aspects ... 116

2.14 ... Summary ... 123

3 ... Annotations ... 125

3.1 ... Annotation Definitions ... 126

3.2 ... Effects of Annotations ... 136

3.3 ... Propagation Logic of Element Annotations ... 139

3.4 ... CDS Metadata Extensions ... 146

3.5 ... Active Annotations ... 150

3.6 ... Summary ... 152

4 ... Access Controls ... 153

4.1 ... Fundamentals of Access Controls ... 154

4.2 ... Mode of Action of Access Controls ... 157

4.3 ... Implementation Patterns for Access Controls ... 162

4.4 ... Test Access Controls ... 183

4.5 ... Summary ... 186

5 ... Native SAP HANA Functions in CDS ... 187

5.1 ... Implementation of a CDS Table Function ... 188

5.2 ... Application Scenarios ... 195

5.3 ... Aspects for Consideration ... 196

5.4 ... Summary ... 197

6 ... Modeling Application Data ... 199

6.1 ... Application Architecture in SAP S/4HANA ... 200

6.2 ... Field Labels ... 204

6.3 ... Field Semantics ... 208

6.4 ... Foreign Key Relations ... 214

6.5 ... Text Relations ... 220

6.6 ... Composition Relations ... 222

6.7 ... Time-Dependent Data ... 225

6.8 ... Hierarchies ... 226

6.9 ... Summary ... 237

7 ... The Virtual Data Model in SAP S/4HANA ... 239

7.1 ... Why a Virtual Data Model? ... 239

7.2 ... Structure of the Virtual Data Model ... 241

7.3 ... Naming in the Virtual Data Model ... 249

7.4 ... Basic Interface View for the Sales Order ... 254

7.5 ... Tips for Finding Virtual Data Model Views ... 262

7.6 ... Summary ... 270

8 ... Modeling Analytical Applications ... 271

8.1 ... Analytics in SAP S/4HANA ... 272

8.2 ... Analytic Views ... 273

8.3 ... Analytic Queries ... 295

8.4 ... Analytic Infrastructure ... 321

8.5 ... Summary ... 323

9 ... Modeling Transactional Applications ... 325

9.1 ... Transactional Applications ... 325

9.2 ... Transactional Infrastructure in SAP S/4HANA ... 327

9.3 ... Transactional Object Models ... 331

9.4 ... Transactional Service Models ... 370

9.5 ... Summary ... 385

10 ... CDS-Based Search Functionality ... 387

10.1 ... Modeling Value Help Views ... 388

10.2 ... Free-Text Search Functionality in OData Services ... 396

10.3 ... Summary ... 402

11 ... Extensions of CDS Views ... 403

11.1 ... Extension Options and Released CDS Views ... 404

11.2 ... CDS Extend Views with Custom Fields ... 407

11.3 ... Usage of CDS Extend Views ... 417

11.4 ... Summary ... 425

12 ... Automated Testing ... 427

12.1 ... Fundamentals of the Test Double Framework ... 428

12.2 ... Overview of the Test Sample ... 429

12.3 ... Test CDS Views ... 432

12.4 ... Test ABAP Logic with SQL Accesses to CDS Views ... 448

12.5 ... Summary ... 451

13 ... Troubleshooting ... 453

13.1 ... Troubleshoot Implementations of CDS Models ... 453

13.2 ... Troubleshoot Activation Issues ... 461

13.3 ... Summary ... 466

A ... CDS Annotation Reference ... 467

B ... The Authors ... 477

... Index ... 479