The Sahrawi and Afghan refugee youth in the Middle East have been stereotyped regionally and internationally: some have been objectified as passive victims; others have become the beneficiaries of numerous humanitarian aid packages which presume the primacy of the Western model of child development. This book compares and contrasts both the stereotypes and Western-based models of humanitarian assistance among Sahrawi youth with the lack of programming and near total self-sufficiency of Afghan refugee youth in Iran. Both extremes offer an important opportunity to further explore the impact which forced migration and prolonged conflict have had, and continue to have, on the lives of these refugee youth and their families. This study examines refugee communities closely linked with the United Nations High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR) and a host of other UN agencies in the case of the Sahrawi and near total lack of humanitarian aid in the case of Afghan refugees in Iran.

The Sahrawi and Afghan refugee youth in the Middle East have been stereotyped regionally and internationally: some have been objectified as passive victims; others have become the beneficiaries of numerous humanitarian aid packages which presume the primacy of the Western model of child development. This book compares and contrasts both the stereotypes and Western-based models of humanitarian assistance among Sahrawi youth with the lack of programming and near total self-sufficiency of Afghan refugee youth in Iran. Both extremes offer an important opportunity to further explore the impact which forced migration and prolonged conflict have had, and continue to have, on the lives of these refugee youth and their families. This study examines refugee communities closely linked with the United Nations High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR) and a host of other UN agencies in the case of the Sahrawi and near total lack of humanitarian aid in the case of Afghan refugees in Iran.

Acknowledgements
Forward by Gillian Hundt
Glossary and Acronyms

Chapter 1. Introduction: Deterritorialised Youth: Sahrawi and Afghan Refugees at the Margins of the Middle East
Dawn Chatty

Sahrawi Section:

Chapter 2. Identity With/out Territory: Sahrawi Refugee Youth in Transnational Space
Dawn Chatty, Elena Fiddian, and Gina Crivello

Chapter 3. The Ties that Bind: Sahrawi Children and the Mediation of Aid in Exile
Gina Crivello and Elena Fiddian

Chapter 4. Food & Identity among Sahrawi Refugee Children and Young People
Nicola Cozza

Afghan Section:

Chapter 5. Refusing the Margins: Afghan Refugee Youth in Iran
Homa Hoodfar

Chapter 6. Afghan Refugee Youth in Iran and the Morality of Repatriation
Sarah Kamal

Chapter 7. Food &Identity Among Young Afghan Refugees and Migrants in Iran
Alessandro Monsutti

Notes on Contributors
Bibliography
Index