This book provides a holistic perspective on Digital Twin (DT) technologies, and presents cutting-edge research in the field. It assesses the opportunities that DT can offer for smart cities, and covers the requirements for ensuring secure, safe and sustainable smart cities. Further, the book demonstrates that DT and its benefits with regard to:  data visualisation, real-time data analytics, and learning leading to improved confidence in decision making;reasoning, monitoring and warning to support accurate diagnostics and prognostics;acting using edge control and what-if analysis; andconnection with back-end business applications hold significant potential for applications in smart cities, by employing a wide range of sensory and data-acquisition systems in various parts of the urban infrastructure. The contributing authors reveal how and why DT technologies that are used for monitoring, visualising, diagnosing and predicting in real-time are vital to cities sustainability and efficiency. The concepts outlined in the book represents a city together with all of its infrastructure elements, which communicate with each other in a complex manner. Moreover, securing Internet of Things (IoT) which is one of the key enablers of DT s is discussed in details and from various perspectives. The book offers an outstanding reference guide for practitioners and researchers in manufacturing, operations research and communications, who are considering digitising some of their assets and related services. It is also a valuable asset for graduate students and academics who are looking to identify research gaps and develop their own proposals for further research.

This book provides a holistic perspective on Digital Twin (DT) technologies, and presents cutting-edge research in the field. It assesses the opportunities that DT can offer for smart cities, and covers the requirements for ensuring secure, safe and sustainable smart cities. Further, the book demonstrates that DT and its benefits with regard to:  

• data visualisation, real-time data analytics, and learning leading to improved confidence in decision making;
• reasoning, monitoring and warning to support accurate diagnostics and prognostics;
• acting using edge control and what-if analysis; and
• connection with back-end business applications 

hold significant potential for applications in smart cities, by employing a wide range of sensory and data-acquisition systems in various parts of the urban infrastructure. 

The contributing authors reveal how and why DT technologies that are used for monitoring, visualising, diagnosing and predicting in real-time are vital to cities’ sustainability and efficiency. The concepts outlined in the book represents a city together with all of its infrastructure elements, which communicate with each other in a complex manner. Moreover, securing Internet of Things (IoT) which is one of the key enablers of DT’s is discussed in details and from various perspectives. 

The book offers an outstanding reference guide for practitioners and researchers in manufacturing, operations research and communications, who are considering digitising some of their assets and related services. It is also a valuable asset for graduate students and academics who are looking to identify research gaps and develop their own proposals for further research.

The Convergence of Digital Twin, IoT and Machine Learning: Transforming Data into Action.- A Novel Approach Towards Enhancing the Quality of Life in Smart Cities using Clouds and IoT Based Technologies.- The Future of Mobility with Connected and Autonomous Vehicles in Smart Cities.- A Digital Twin Model for Enhancing Performance Measurement in Assembly Lines.- Information Sharing in Sustainable Value Chain Network (SVCN): The Perspective of Transportation in Cities.- Healthcare in the Cyberspace: Medical Cyber-Physical System and Digital Twin Challenges.- Present scenarios of IoT projects with security aspects focused.- IoT Security, Privacy, Safety and Ethics.- CoAP-application layer connection-less lightweight protocol for the Internet of Things (IoT) and CoAP-IPSEC Security with DTLS Supporting CoAP.- Some computational considerations for kernel-based support vector machine.- Secure Hybrid RSA (SHRSA) based multilayered authenticated, efficient and End to End secure 6-layered personal messaging communication protocol.