This book outlines the many anesthesia-related obstacles, concerns, and challenges that may be encountered by western trained anesthesiologist in low-resourced settings. Each chapter presents a challenging scenario with solutions. It is therefore an essential handbook that will prepare those performing anesthesia in this milieu. All case studies represent real accounts discussing equipment and drug constraints as well as the ethical questions that arise for western doctors working in this environment.Socially conscious and timely, Anesthesia in Low-Resourced Settings is an invaluable resource for medical practitioners who plan to work in these challenging settings.

1. Now what will you do?.- 2. What is wrong with this picture?.- 3. No train of four neuromuscular monitor. No problem.-  4. An old anesthetic machine and it’s the only one.-  5. Ether is the only anesthetic and you have never given one.-  6. Transporting a critically ill patient without monitors.-  7. Severe dehydration and no IV solution.-  8. Thinking outside the box .- 9. This is a serious problem.- 10. Always check your facts.-  11. An impossible situation.- 12. No blood bank. Now what? .- 13. What can the problem be?.- 14. Living on the equator.- 15. A word of caution.-  16. A draw-over vaporizer with a non-breathing circuit. Be aware.- 17. A near tragedy.-  18. A tracheostomy is urgently needed and you have never done one.-19. A prolapsed umbilical cord.- 20. The one-eyed patient.- 21. Postoperatively you can’t communicate with the patient.- 22. Traumatic hemothorax and same side central venous access.- 23. A patient with a difficult airway and you have minimal airway equipment.- 24. MRI suite. What can the problem be? .- 25. How should you fill CO2 absorbent in a canister?.- 26. An old anesthetic machine. Look carefully.- 27. A single abdominal knife wound. Easy case.- 28. An endobronchial foreign body.- 29. Lead apron.- 30. A tip for nasal intubation.- 31. A seriously ill patient.- 32. Malignant hyperpyrexia.- 33. An adjuvant to the cuff leak test.- 34. A bronchoscopy surprise.- 35. Doing research in low-resource environments. What to watch out for.- 36. An epidural pump in labor in a low-resource environment. Watch out.- 37. This could be serious.- 38. A case of intraoperative hyperthermia.- 39. A case of myasthenia gravis.-  40. A tragic case.- 41. Essential equipment.- 42. A potentially life threatening problem.- 43. A straightforward case or what?.- 44. A signed consent. Any problem? .- 45. A Cesarean section with twins.- 46. A child bitten by a rabid dog.- 47. What an airway surprise.- 48. A case of a ruptured ectopic.- 49. Glass blood bottles. Any concern? .- 50. An old EKG machine.- 51. A Bird Ventilator.- 52. Intraoperative oozing.- 53. Defibrillator. Watch out.- 54. A case of trismus.-  55. A diagnostic dilemma.- 56. An anesthetic equipment graveyard.- 57. A motor vehicle accident.- 58. My wife is dead, Doctor.- 59. Disposal of soda lime.-  60. Compressed gas containers.- 61. A neck abscess.- 62. An emergency Cesarean section in Togo.- 63. An overdose with witch doctor medicine.- 64. A request from a family member.- 65. A new electronic anesthetic machine.- 66. Hiccups after induction of anesthesia.-  67. What is going on? Was geht ab?. 68. A trans-Indian ocean flight.- 69. Reinforced (armored) endotracheal tubes. Watch out.- 70. A soda lime dilemma.- 71. Bain circuit Mapleson D. What is the problem?.- 72. Suxamethonium. Never forget.- 73. What a lesson.- 74. How much oxygen is left in an E-cylinder?.- 75. A case of lost in translation.- 76. A sudden intraoperative change in EKG amplitude. Any concern?.-  77. Another reason for preoxygenation.- 78.  What can go wrong with this anesthetic?.- 79. A military conflict.- 80. A dying patient.- 81. A new breathing system.- 82. A small child in a war zone.- 83. A gangrene leg.-  84. Facial trauma.-  85. Always check your facts.-  86. An acute appendix.- 87. Hospital administrator. You have been warned.- 88. A tribal conflict.- 89. Intermittent electrical power failure to an anesthesia machine.- 90. Bonus Question.