This volume addresses the situation of water and wastewater management from a global angle, underpinned by selected case studies. Without doubt, water and wastewater management are among the greatest challenges of our century, and there is also no doubt that the challenges posed by climate change will become even greater. However, most efforts, especially in developing countries but also in the so-called developed countries, have been less than optimal or not optimal at all. In particular, there are still too many people who have to live without clean water and decent sanitation. Today, 2.2 billion people lack access to safely managed drinking water and wastewater, and 4.2 billion people lack safely managed sanitation services. The question, why this is so and why in many cases in developing countries, is discussed in this book among other urgent water and wastewater management issues.

The publication of this book is the start of a book series that inmore detail critically reviews, discusses, and analyzes the water and wastewater situation and management in different regions and countries worldwide.

Part I. Introduction.- Chapter 1. Water and its Global Meaning.- Part II. Hydrology and Climate Change Impacts.- Chapter 2. Climate Change Impacts on Water Resources.- Chapter 3. Drought Management.- Chapter 4. Flood Management under Changing Climate.- Chapter 5. Water Sources Allocation and Priorities.- Part III. Urban Water Supply.- Chapter 6. Water Losses Management in Urban Water Distribution Systems.- Chapter 7. Management Strategies for Minimizing DBPs Formation in Drinking Water Systems.- Chapter 8. Water Sensitive Planning and Design. Part IV. Wastewater Management (Technologies).- Chapter 9. Sewerage Systems and Wastewater Treatment.- Chapter 10. Near-Nature Wastewater Treatment Methods.- Chapter 11. An Overview of Process and Technologies for Industrial Wastewater and Landfill Leachate Treatment.- Chapter 12. Modelling and Control of Wastewater Treatment Processes: An Overview and RecentTrends.- Part V. Wastewater Management (Pollutants).- Chapter 13. Fingerprint of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) in the Environment: Ecological Assessment and Human Health Effects.- Chapter 14. Wastewater-Based Epidemiology (WBE) Studies for Monitoring of Covid-19 Spread.- Chapter 15. Pharmaceuticals, Benzotriazoles and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances: Impact and Potential Reduction Measures.- Chapter 16. Wastewater-Based Epidemiology: Overview of Covid-19 Tracking in Brazil.- Chapter 17. Investigation of Microplastics in Water and Wastewater: A Review.- Chapter 18. Consequences of Heavy Metals in Water and Wastewater for the Environment and Human Health.- Part VI Agricultural Water Management.- Chapter 19. Reuse of water in agriculture (treated waste water, drainage water).- Chapter 20. Irrigation management by using digital technologies.- Chapter 21. Fruit Production in Brazil´s Desert and SustainabilityAspects of Irrigated Family Farming  along the Lower-middle Sao Francisco River: A Case Study.