Brainstem Disorders provides a comprehensive review of the field, including the knowledge necessary for diagnosis. Readers will find a detailed account of the brainstem neuroanatomy, diagnostic methods and topodiagnostic aspects of the neurological findings.

The topography of the brainstem is complex, and even experienced neurologists find it challenging to localize brainstem lesions and diagnose brainstem disorders. This richly illustrated book provides a comprehensive review of brainstem disorders and presents the clinical knowledge necessary for diagnosis. The opening sections document the brainstem neuroanatomy and discuss current diagnostic methods. The entire spectrum of clinical findings in brainstem disorders is then described, and topodiagnostic aspects of the neurological findings are explained in detail. The descriptions of brain stem disorders are consistently structured and are supported by many MR images and short case reports. In addition to primary brainstem lesions, such as vascular brainstem syndromes, other disorders are considered that do not exclusively show brainstem symptoms or signs, e.g., multiple sclerosis. This book will serve as an invaluable reference work for neurologists in clinical practice or further education.

Part I: Neuroanatomy of the brainstem Part II: Diagnosistic imaging and interventional treatment of brainstem lesions:Neuroradiology.-Ultrasound Diagnosis.-Blinkreflex.-Masseter Reflex.-Early Acoustic Evoked Potentials.-Somatosensory Evoked Potentials.-Transcranial magnetic stimulation.-Laser evoked potentials.-Recording of eye movements.-Other electrophysiologic methods for the investigation of brainstem reflexes. Part III: Diagnostic Findings:Disorders of ocular motility.-Horner’s syndrome.-Central vestibular disturbances.-Tinnitus and auditory disturbances.-Intra-axial cranial nerve lesions.-Speech disorders.-Dysphagia.-Ataxia.-Pareses.-Sensory disturbances.-Bladder disturbances.-Drop attacks.-Respiratory disturbances.-Disturbances of consciousness.-Brain death diagnosis in primary brainstem injury.-Clinical brainstem reflexes.-Rare Findings/Symptomes. Part IV: Diseases: Vascular brainstem diseases.-Intraparenchymatous brainstem hemorrhage.-Perimesencephalic subarachnoid hemorrhage and cerebral superficial siderosis.-Vascular malformation.-Basilar migraine / vestibular migraine.-Inflammations of the brainstem.-Brainstem involvement in demyelinating diseases.-Paraneoplastic brainstem syndromes.-Brainstem tumors.-Traumatic Brainstem Lesions.-Degenerative brainstem disorders.-Abnormalities of brainstem development.-Metabolic brainstem diseases.-Vascular cranial nerve and brainstem compressions.