This book analyses the sustainability of membrane operations applied on an industrial scale, as well as that of those under investigation on lab/pilot scales, covering also the preparation of both polymeric and inorganic membranes. It presents reverse osmosis in desalination, membrane bioreactors for municipal wastewater treatment and pressure-driven industrial wastewater treatment in agrofood and textile fields as examples of industrial membrane operations. Regarding the membrane processes still on a lab/pilot scale, the analysis includes membrane operations for the recovery of valuable products from wastewater streams, for the removal of toxic compounds from water/wastewater, and for zero liquid discharge approaches in desalination. The book offers a useful guide for scientists and engineers working in various fields, including membrane technology, separation, desalination, and wastewater treatment.

Alberto Figoli and Alessandra Criscuoli are both Senior Researchersat the Institute on Membrane Technology (ITM-CNR), Italy.

Sustainability and How Membrane Technologies in Water Treatment Can be a Contributor.- LCA for Membrane Processes.- Process Intensification：Definition and application to membrane processes.- Sustainable route in preparation of polymeric membranes.- Inorganic Membranes in Water and Wastewater Treatment.- Desalination by Reverse Osmosis.- Membrane Distillation in Desalination and Water Treatment.- Zero liquid discharge in desalination.- Removal of Toxic Compounds from Water by Membrane Distillation (Case study on arsenic).- Municipal wastewater treatment by membrane bioreactors.- Valuable Products Recovery from Wastewater in Agrofood by Membrane Processes.- Membrane Operations for the Recovery of Valuable Metals from Industrial Wastewater.- The potential of membrane technology for treatment of textile wastewater.